Modules

Storage, interpreter, resolver, and coordinator.

The architecture is built as a vertical stack where each module is specialized for a specific phase of the transaction lifecycle. This separation of concerns allows for the optimization of logic processing independently from data storage or network consensus.

Component Modules

The Altius Stack is composed of four primary modules that manage the transaction lifecycle from ingestion to finalization.

The Interpreter

The Interpreter functions as a high-performance abstraction layer designed to resolve the fragmentation inherent in the digital ledger ecosystem. Rather than coupling the execution environment to a specific opcode design, the Interpreter provides a universal interface for diverse standards.

• VM-Agnostic Design: Full native support for EVM, WASM, and MoveVM ensures that developers can utilize established tools while benefiting from the Altius performance stack.

• Future-Proof Modularity: By focusing on the fundamental I/O interactions between virtual machines and the network state, the Interpreter facilitates the seamless integration of future execution standards without requiring core architectural modifications.

The Resolver

The Resolver serves as the intelligence core for granular conflict detection. By shifting from coarse-grained transaction analysis to instruction-level mapping, the Resolver ensures that the parallel engine remains performant even under conditions of high data contention.

• Granular Dependency Mapping: Following initial optimistic execution, the Resolver analyzes read/write sets to identify specific dependencies.

• Optimized Re-Execution: When a conflict is identified, the system schedules only the necessary computational components for re-processing. This minimizes wasted cycles and ensures that the engine utilizes the maximum available hardware concurrency.

The Storage Module

This module provides the practical implementation of the Scalable State Merkle Trie (SSMT) architecture. It is engineered to eliminate the I/O bottlenecks that typically constrain distributed ledger performance by prioritizing high-speed data access. It facilitates high-bandwidth access while maintaining the low barrier to entry for node operators.

• Horizontal Scalability: The network state is distributed across a sharded database, allowing the system to scale by adding commodity hardware nodes to the cluster.

• Concurrent State Updates: Each shard is stored across multiple nodes, enabling simultaneous read and write operations and providing high-bandwidth access for real-time applications.

• Hardware Accessibility: By distributing the memory requirements, the Storage module ensures elite performance on standard cloud infrastructure, preserving network decentralization.

The Coordinator

The Coordinator manages the overarching economic and execution framework, known as the Open Execution Network. It rewards efficient coding patterns by utilizing the determinism of the OCCDA protocol. The Coordinator handles the scheduling of transactions, manages the re-execution of conflicted instructions, and publishes the final state transition to the settlement layer.

• Deterministic Finality: The Coordinator ensures that all nodes in the Open Execution Network arrive at the exact same state transition, managing the scheduling of transactions and the finalization of state roots.

• Economic Alignment: By utilizing the determinism of the OCCDA protocol, the Coordinator provides a transparent record of execution efficiency. This allows the platform to economically incentivize developers who design parallel-friendly smart contracts, rewarding optimized code with lower execution costs.