Benchmark Performance Results
This section details the performance characteristics of the Altius execution engine across two distinct environments: Raw Execution (theoretical maximum) and End-to-End (real-world application).
Raw Execution Micro-Benchmarks (revm)
These metrics isolate the execution engine to measure maximum theoretical throughput for DeFi-heavy workloads using a dataset of 1,000 Uniswap transactions across 8 threads at a 0% conflict rate.
Execution Time
38.3 ms
5.89 ms
6.89 ms
3.01 ms
Total Time
40.73 ms
12.08 ms
12.1 ms
8.28 ms
TPS
~24.5k
~48.8k
~82.6k
~120.7k
GPS (Mgas/s)
3,365
11,344
11,330
16,550
Exec Speedup
1.0x
6.5x
5.56x
12.72x
Conflict %
0%
0%
0%
0%
The optimistic strategy demonstrates a 12.72x speedup over standard sequential execution, achieving near-linear scaling and processing over 16.5 Gigagas per second in isolation.
End-to-End Node Benchmarks
These tests evaluate performance in a realistic OP L2 node environment, measuring the full block processing pipeline including database I/O and state root calculation.
Scenario A (Zero Conflict): In an ideal state with no transaction dependencies, parallel execution provides a 4.15x speedup in end-to-end latency.
Sequential
148.04 ms
440.92 ms
0.69
1.00x
Parallel
43.57 ms
47.26 ms
2.86
4.14x
Optimistic
43.46 ms
46.95 ms
2.82
4.15x
Scenario B (High Contention): With 50% of transactions conflicting, the engine maintains a 1.93x speedup over sequential processing.
Sequential
114.13 ms
1.09
1.00x
Parallel
76.94 ms
1.61
1.55x
SSA
89.99 ms
1.38
1.30x
Optimistic
64.58 ms
1.87
1.93x
The optimistic scheduler maintains superior performance even as conflicts rise, degrading gracefully while ensuring client latency remains stable. In realistic end-to-end scenarios, the system sustains between 1.8 and 2.8 Gigagas per second.
These results demonstrate that the Altius architecture successfully shifts the bottleneck away from the CPU, allowing for a 2–4x performance boost on standard node infrastructure.
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